Biomimetically constructing a hypoxia-activated programmable phototheranostics at the molecular level

Abstract

under hypoxic conditions to enhance photosensitization and finally photooxidation. Concurrently, this led to the decreased expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and effectively reduced unwanted growth of blood vessels observed in the chick chorioallantois membrane (CAM). Notably, the proof-of-principle experiments using the tumor-bearing models proved successful in enhancing PDT efficacy, prolonging their life cycles, and improving immunity, which could be monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).