The evolution and transformation of industrial clusters: a conceptual model

Abstract

Building on a global supply chain perspective, this paper aims at developing a conceptual model, which describes and explains the emergence and transformation of industrial clusters over time and in line with the recent development with globalisation of cluster value chains. The model puts particular emphasis on governance as an exponent and agent for change. It incorporates the cluster 'macroculture', which links the macro and transaction levels in the cluster, in order to explain cluster changes and transformations. The case of the maritime cluster in North West Norway is used to demonstrate the applicability of the approach. However, the model is applicable when studying industrial clusters, in general, and in particular in emerging economies experiencing rapid growth.