Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1995 · 308 citations · 0 references
Social SciencesPsychologySocial PsychologyExperimental PsychologyIndividual DifferencesSocial BehaviorAggressionAggressive BehaviorBehaviorInterpersonal ViolenceMedia EffectsViolenceAggression ModulationMedia Violence EffectsReaction Time MeasurementTrait AggressivenessViolence Moderation
The study tests whether high trait aggressive individuals are more affected by violent media than low trait aggressive individuals. Three experiments were conducted: participants chose films after reading descriptions, reported mood before and after viewing violent or nonviolent tapes, and competed in a reaction‑time task following a violent or nonviolent tape. High trait aggressive individuals were more likely to select violent films, reported greater anger after violent tapes, and showed increased aggression in a reaction‑time task following violent content.
Three studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that high trait aggressive individuals are more affected by violent media than are low trait aggressive individuals. In Study 1, participants read film descriptions and then chose a film to watch. High trait aggressive individuals were more likely to choose a violent film to watch than were low trait aggressive individuals. In Study 2, participants reported their mood before and after the showing of a violet or nonviolent videotape. High trait aggressive individuals felt more angry after viewing the violent videotape than did low trait aggressive individuals. In Study 3, participants first viewed either a violent or a nonviolent videotape and then competed with an "opponent" on a reaction time task in which the loser received a blast of unpleasant noise. Videotape violence was more likely to increase aggression in high trait aggressive individuals than in low trait aggressive individuals.