Nonstationary scattering of electromagnetic pulses by spherical particles

Abstract

We have studied time variances of the shape of an electromagnetic pulse scattered by a spherical particle. General formulas are derived for a pulse with an arbitrary envelope, for momentary values of scattered-light fields and light intensity, and for efficiencies of extinction and scattering. It is possible, by the use of these formulas, to obtain by routine integration the sensitivity reaction of a receiver with any time dependence. The formulas are illustrated with examples of scattering of a Gaussian pulse with a carrier wave λ0 = 0.6328 μm and of multisized water drops. Pulses of different durations are studied. However, only those pulses that have all significant values of the Fourier density in the domain of positive frequencies ω are considered.