Nebulized Bacteriophage in a Patient With Refractory <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> Lung Disease

Abstract

An elderly man with refractory <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> lung disease previously developed anti-phage neutralizing antibodies while receiving intravenous phage therapy. Subsequent phage nebulization resulted in transient weight gain, decreased C-reactive protein, and reduced <i>Mycobacterium</i> burden. Weak sputum neutralization may have limited the outcomes, but phage resistance was not a contributing factor.