medRxiv · 2022 · 33 citations · 4 references
Veterinary MedicineImmunologyInfectious DiseasesImmunizationVaccine ImmunologyVaccinologyVaccinationVaccine EffectivenessVaccine EfficacyVaccine-preventable DiseasesBooster Dose EfficacyCase-control Study DesignEffectiveness Against Symptomatic DiseaseEfficacy Against InfectionOverall Vaccine EffectivenessPopulation-based Vaccine EffectivenessVaccine Effectiveness After BoostingVariant-specific Vaccine Effectiveness
Abstract The BA.1 sub-lineage of the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, first detected in the UK in mid-November 2021, rapidly became the dominant strain partly due to reduced vaccine effectiveness. An increase in a second Omicron sub-lineage BA.2 was observed in early January 2022. In this study we use a test-negative case control study design to estimate vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic disease with BA.1 and BA.2 after one or two doses of BNT162b2, ChAdOx1-S or mRNA-1273, and after booster doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 during a period of co-circulation. Overall, there was no evidence that vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic disease is reduced following infection with the BA.2 sub-lineage as compared to BA.1. Furthermore, similar rates of waning were observed after the second and booster dose for each sub-lineage. These data provide reassuring evidence of the effectiveness of the vaccines currently in use against symptomatic disease caused by BA.2.
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