Impact of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Reproductive Health of Human

Abstract

Abstract At present, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have gained attention in human pathophysiology, and many studies have yet been conducted to explain the mechanism of these chemical compounds on endocrine and reproductive dysfunctions. In human the maximum studies focus towards the exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and their disorders on different endocrine axises though sufficient information are not available on reproductive systems in human. A huge number of EDCs resulting the interference of the normal functions of hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis. There are several types of EDCs like pesticides, heavy metals, food additives and contaminants which are responsible to create negative impact on metabolism and alteration of the homeostasis of tissue and promoting different disorders such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, infertility etc. Genomic and nongenomic mechanisms which have been proposed to clarify these complications together with occupational or environmental exposure together, the lack of in depth studies, and the occurrence of different confusing factors have prohibited to establish the causal relationship between the reproductive cum endocrine disorders and exposure to specific EDCs so far. The aim of the manuscript is to review the scientific literature exists so far on the different hazardous effects of EDCs on reproductive health focusing the up to date mode of actions of major EDCs in this concerns.