Copper Peroxide-Loaded Gelatin Sponges for Wound Dressings with Antimicrobial and Accelerating Healing Properties

Abstract

Catalytic conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to more toxic hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) is a good choice for sterilization and anti-infection, but endogenous H₂O₂ is insufficient to achieve satisfactory sterilization efficacy. Despite great efforts, designing and developing antimicrobial materials that specifically and effectively self-supply H₂O₂ at the wound site remain as tremendous challenges. Here, we report a pH-responsive copper peroxide-loaded wound dressing made from copper hydroxide and gelatin sponge and then reacted with H₂O₂. In vitro experiments show that the prepared wound dressing has good bactericidal properties against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>), and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>). Moreover, the as-prepared wound dressing can release ^•OH specifically in the bacterial-infected skin wound, rather than in normal tissues, and in vivo skin wound-healing experiments proved that the synthesized copper peroxide-loaded gelatin sponge could combat <i>E. coli</i> effectively; in addition, Cu²⁺ released from the gelatin sponge could stimulate angiogenesis and collagen deposition simultaneously. The study provides a strategy to improve antibacterial efficacy and reduce the toxic side effects through the release of ^•OH by bacterial self-activation.