Catalytic Synthesis of Atropisomeric <i>o</i>-Terphenyls with 1,2-Diaxes via Axial-to-Axial Diastereoinduction

Abstract

Herein, we report a modular and convergent strategy for the assembly of atropisomeric <i>o</i>-terphenyls with 1,2-diaxes via palladium/chiral norbornene cooperative catalysis and axial-to-axial diastereoinduction. Readily available aryl iodides, 2,6-substituted aryl bromides, and potassium aryl trifluoroborates are used as the building blocks, laying the foundation for diversity-oriented synthesis of these scaffolds (46 examples). Other features include the unique axial-to-axial diastereoinduction mode, construction of two axes in a single operation, and step economy. DFT calculations are performed to rationalize the axial-to-axial diastereoinduction process. Synthetic utilities of this method in preparation of atropisomeric oligophenyls, chiral catalysts, and ligands are demonstrated.