A Survey of Frequency and Voltage Control Ancillary Services—Part I: Technical Features

TLDR

The paper surveys frequency and voltage control ancillary services worldwide. The study reviews nomenclature of active power reserves across 11 systems to enable comparison of frequency control ancillary services. The authors describe essential technical features and compare technical requirements across eight jurisdictions.

Abstract

This two-part paper surveys the frequency and voltage control ancillary services in power systems from various parts of the world. In this first part, the nomenclature used to describe active power reserves across 11 systems is first reviewed in order to facilitate the comparison of frequency control ancillary services. The essential technical features of frequency and voltage control ancillary services are then described. Finally, the technical requirements adopted in eight jurisdictions (North America, continental Europe, Germany, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Great Britain) are compared. The companion paper surveys the economic features of these ancillary services