Benzo[1,2-<i>b</i>:4,5-<i>b</i>′]difuran Polymer-Based Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells: The Roles of Non-Fullerene Acceptors and Molybdenum Oxide on Their Ambient Stabilities and Processabilities

Abstract

The ambient stability and processability of organic solar cells (OSCs) are important factors for their commercialization. Herein, we selected four benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]difuran (BDF) polymers and two electron acceptors to examine the role of photovoltaic materials in the ambient stability. The investigations revealed that the MoOx layer is the detrimental factor for the ambient stabilities. The penetration of MoOx into the active layer and their interactions will strengthen the interface and form a favorable contact, hence leading to the increased photovoltaic performance, in which the efficiency loss induced by air was balanced out. As such, these BDF polymer-based non-fullerene (NF) OSCs possessed very promising ambient stabilities even after ∼1000 h with the almost maintained power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). These results drive us to further investigate the ambient processability of these NF–OSCs. The PCEs from the devices processed under ambient condition only possessed 0.3–2% loss compared to those devices under inert conditions, which suggest the significant potentials of BDF polymers to develop highly efficient and stable NF–OSCs for the practical applications.