Unraveling the compositional heterogeneity and carrier dynamics of alkali cation doped 3D/2D perovskites with improved stability

Abstract

-incorporated perovskite solar cells show a peak PCE of >20%, which is slightly higher than their 3D counterpart (19.5%). Benefited from moisture resistivity, the 3D/2D perovskite photovoltaics show significantly improved long-term stability by retaining 81% of the initial PCE after 60 days of exposure in ambient air (50 ± 10% relative humidity) without encapsulation, highlighting the potential of engineered stable 3D/2D perovskite solar cells for their commercial utilization.