Cryo-EM structures of human calcium homeostasis modulator 5

Abstract

Calcium homeostasis modulators (CALHMs) are the most recently identified large pore ATP-releasing channels, playing important roles in neuronal functions including gustatory signaling 1 , 2 and neuronal excitability 3 . Dysfunction of CALHMs has been linked to pathologies of depression 4 and Alzheimer’s disease 5 . Therefore, CALHM family proteins have received increasing attention in recent neurobiological studies 6 , 7 . CALHM genes are present throughout vertebrates 5 , and six CALHM homologs have been identified in humans that share an overall 20%–50% sequence similarity 8 .