Standardization of type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy models in rats: Assessment and characterization of metabolic features and renal injury

Abstract

STZ and STZ + NA administration increased blood glucose levels significantly. Metabolic parameters indicated that administration of STZ resulted in clinical features of human T1DM, whereas STZ + NA rats resembled human T2DM. STZ- and STZ + NA-treated rats developed diabetic nephropathy in 4 weeks, indicated by altered levels of renal function markers, increased kidney hypertrophy index, increased renal oxidative stress, and altered tissue architecture. The study proposes reproducible and cost-effective rat models for both T1DM- and T2DM-induced diabetic nephropathy characterized by stable metabolic features and typical renal lesions.