Hearing Loss and Communication Among Hospitalized Older Adults: Prevalence and Recognition

Abstract

The current quality improvement study aimed to determine hearing loss (HL) prevalence in older adult patients in a large urban hospital, and the success of current processes to identify its presence during routine admission procedures. Predictors of HL were also evaluated, with the goal of identifying risk factors that might help staff anticipate patient communication challenges. A sample of 162 newly admitted patients, age 70 and older, participated in a hearing/communication assessment that included audiometry and an informal self-report measure about hearing difficulty. Chart review was conducted to assess whether patients with confirmed hearing/communication deficits had been identified as such during the admission or nursing assessments. Results revealed a high prevalence of HL (72.8%) and relatively low sensitivity of routine admission procedures in identifying this communication deficit (14.4% to 43.2%). Age and male gender were found to be predictors of HL. The invisibility of HL poses a challenge to nurses in recognizing when older adult patients are at risk for communication breakdowns. Communication breakdowns associated with HL can potentially impact patients' adherence to treatment plans. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 46(6), 34-42.].