Mechanical properties of hot-pressed high-entropy diboride-based ceramics

TLDR

High‑entropy ceramics have attracted increasing attention, yet their mechanical properties, particularly strength and fracture toughness, remain incompletely characterized. High‑entropy (Ti₀.₂Zr₀.₂Hf₀.₂Nb₀.₂Ta₀.₂)B₂ monoliths and a 20 vol % SiC composite were fabricated by hot pressing. Incorporating SiC accelerates densification, refines microstructure, and improves mechanical performance, producing four‑point flexural strengths of 339 ± 17 MPa (HEB) and 447 ± 45 MPa (HEB–20SiC), fracture toughnesses of 3.81 ± 0.40 MPa·m¹⁄² and 4.85 ± 0.33 MPa·m¹⁄², hardnesses of 23.7 ± 0.7 GPa and 24.8 ± 1.2 GPa, with crack deflection/branching as the primary toughening mechanism and a rapid hardness decrease at higher indentation loads due to the indentation size effect.

Abstract

Abstract High-entropy ceramics attract more and more attention in recent years. However, mechanical properties especially strength and fracture toughness for high-entropy ceramics and their composites have not been comprehensively reported. In this work, high-entropy (Ti 0.2 Zr 0.2 Hf 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )B 2 (HEB) monolithic and its composite containing 20 vol% SiC (HEB–20SiC) are prepared by hot pressing. The addition of SiC not only accelerates the densification process but also refines the microstructure of HEB, resulting in improved mechanical properties. The obtained dense HEB and HEB–20SiC ceramics hot pressed at 1800 ℃ exhibit four-point flexural strength of 339±17 MPa and 447±45 MPa, and fracture toughness of 3.81±0.40 MPa·m 1/2 and 4.85±0.33 MPa·m 1/2 measured by single-edge notched beam (SENB) technique. Crack deflection and branching by SiC particles is considered to be the main toughening mechanisms for the HEB–20SiC composite. The hardness Hv 0.2 of the sintered HEB and HEB–20SiC ceramics is 23.7±0.7 GPa and 24.8±1.2 GPa, respectively. With the increase of indentation load, the hardness of the sintered ceramics decreases rapidly until the load reaches about 49 N, due to the indentation size effect. Based on the current experimental investigation it can be seen that the room temperature bending strength and fracture toughness of the high-entropy diboride ceramics are within ranges commonly observed in structure ceramics.