Biomass Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Gastric Cancer and Probably Mediated Via Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

In Zambia, exposure to biomass smoke, daily consumption of processed meat, and poverty are risk factors for gastric cancer, whereas daily consumption of green vegetables is protective against gastric cancer. Exposure to biomass smoke was associated with evidence of oxidative stress and DNA damage, suggesting mechanistic plausibility for the observed association, and the association was restricted to intestinal-type gastric cancer.