Regional-Centralized Content Dissemination for eV2X Services in 5G mmWave-Enabled IoV

Abstract

The fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems support the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, which enable content dissemination for enhanced V2X (eV2X) services. However, the current content dissemination architectures face various problems, such as limited radio coverage of mmWave communications and differentiated Quality-of-Experience (QoE) requirements of users. To address these, we propose a regional-centralized content dissemination (RC-CD) scheme for eV2X services. The RC-CD can deal with the requests from distributed vehicles by the regional-centralized service architecture. By introducing vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure mmWave communications, the content dissemination services are expanded to the areas that the mmWave base stations cannot cover. According to different QoE requirements, the requests of eV2X services are categorized into two groups: 1) elastic requests and 2) inelastic requests. Our algorithm considers the channel characteristics of mmWave and the different QoE requirements of requests to jointly optimize the waiting time of elastic requests and the failure ratio of inelastic requests. It also adopts an efficient heuristic approximate algorithm to solve the NP-completed optimization problem. The performance of our proposed scheme is evaluated by simulations in a realistic city layout. The results show that our scheme can provide an efficient architecture for eV2X content dissemination that supports different types of requests, provides a better QoE for the users, and achieves broader service coverage.