Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Chlorophytum comosum and Chlorophytum gallabatense: Genome Structures, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis

Abstract

The genus <i>Chlorophytum</i> includes many economically important species well-known for medicinal, ornamental, and horticultural values. However, to date, few molecular genomic resources have been reported for this genus. Therefore, there is limited knowledge of phylogenetic studies, and the available chloroplast (cp) genome of <i>Chlorophytum</i> (<i>C. rhizopendulum</i>) does not provide enough information on this genus. In this study, we present genomic resources for <i>C. comosum</i> and <i>C. gallabatense</i>, which had lengths of 154,248 and 154,154 base pairs (bp), respectively. They had a pair of inverted repeats (IRa and IRb) of 26,114 and 26,254 bp each in size, separating the large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,004 and 83,686 bp from the small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,016 and 17,960 bp in <i>C. comosum</i> and <i>C. gallabatense</i>, respectively. There were 112 distinct genes in each cp genome, which were comprised of 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The comparative analysis with five other selected species displayed a generally high level of sequence resemblance in structural organization, gene content, and arrangement. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis confirmed the previous phylogeny and produced a phylogenetic tree with similar topology. It showed that the <i>Chlorophytum</i> species (<i>C</i>. <i>comosum</i>, <i>C</i>. <i>gallabatense</i> and <i>C. rhizopendulum</i>) were clustered together in the same clade with a closer relationship than other plants to the <i>Anthericum ramosum</i>. This research, therefore, presents valuable records for further molecular evolutionary and phylogenetic studies which help to fill the gap in genomic resources and resolve the taxonomic complexes of the genus.