Investigating the Effects of an Otago-Based Program among Individuals Living with Dementia

Abstract

Aim: To examine the impact of an Otago-based exercise program (OEP) on physical function in patients living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia receiving home heath physical therapy.Methods: 34 patients (mean age 88.3 years; 62% female; mean Mini-Cog 1.76) completed the following assessments: Four-Stage Balance test, Timed Up & Go, 30-Second Chair Stand test, and Tinetti Gait and Balance. Assessments were completed at baseline and an average of 4.79 (2.29) visits later, with a mean of 1.74 (0.79) months between assessments. The OEP-based exercises were individually tailored and progressed based on performance as recommended by the program protocol.Results: A paired samples t-test revealed significant differences in scores for the Four-Stage Balance Test (p < 0.001), the Timed Up & Go (p = 0.002), and the Tinetti Gait and Balance (p = 0.002).Conclusion: The OEP can potentially be used for individuals living with cognitive impairments to improve performance outcomes such as balance and functional mobility.