Infrared and 2-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy Study of the Effect of CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3SnI3 Photovoltaic Perovskites on Eukaryotic Cells

Abstract

We studied the effect of the exposure of human A549 and SH-SY5Y cell lines to aqueous solutions of organic/inorganic halide perovskites CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (MAPbI₃) and CH₃NH₃SnI₃ (MASnI₃) at the molecular level by using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. We monitored the infrared spectra of some cells over a few days following exposure to the metals and observed the spectroscopic changes dominated by the appearance of a strong band at 1627 cm^-1. We used Infrared (IR) mapping to show that this change was associated with the cell itself or the cellular membrane. It is unclear whether the appearance of the 1627 cm^-1 band and heavy metal exposure are related by a direct causal relationship. The spectroscopic response of exposure to MAPbI₃ and MASnI₃ was similar, indicating that it may arise from a general cellular response to stressful environmental conditions. We used 2D correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) analysis to interpret spectroscopic changes. In a novel application of the method, we demonstrated the viability of 2DCOS for band assignment in spatially resolved spectra. We assigned the 1627 cm^-1 band to the accumulation of an abundant amide or amine containing compound, while ruling out other hypotheses. We propose a few tentative assignments to specific biomolecules or classes of biomolecules, although additional biochemical characterization will be necessary to confirm such assignments.