Antcamphorols A–K, Cytotoxic and ROS Scavenging Triterpenoids from <i>Antrodia camphorata</i>

Abstract

<i>Antrodia camphorata</i> is a rare and valuable medicinal mushroom. In this work, 11 new triterpenoids, namely, antcamphorols A-K (<b>1</b>-<b>11</b>), together with 10 known triterpenoids, <b>12</b>-<b>21</b>, were isolated from dish-cultured <i>A. camphorata</i>. Compound <b>1</b> is an unprecedented C₃₁ lanostane-type triterpenoid featuring a methyl group at C-15 and a C-21-O-C-24 tetrahydropyran ring at C-17. Compounds <b>2</b>-<b>11</b> are ergostane-type triterpenoids, and they include two pairs of norergostanes <b>2</b>-<b>5</b>. The structures of the new compounds were identified by NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS data analyses. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b> and <b>6</b> were defined by X-ray diffraction data, and the absolute configuration at C-25 of <b>4</b> was determined by the modified Mosher's method. Compounds <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, <b>10</b>, <b>16</b>, and <b>19</b> showed significant ROS scavenging activities (63.9-70.5% at 20 μM) in high-glucose-induced HUVECs. Compounds <b>3</b> and <b>8</b> exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against U251 (IC₅₀, 9.2 μM) and MCF-7 (IC₅₀, 8.1 μM) human cancer cell lines, respectively.