Antimicrobial Activities Of Tannins Extract From Guava Leaves (Psidium Guajava L) On Pathogens Microbial

Abstract

This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activities of tannin extracts from guava leaves against pathogens microbial. The method used for qualitative analysis with the tannins are formed by the intensity of the color is blackish green FeCl3 compounds. In the quantitative analysis of tannins used variations of organic solvent (ethanol with a concentration of 30 %, 50 %, 70 % ). Levels of tannins in the sample solution was calculated with Tannates Acid Equivalent ( EAT ). Test of antimicrobial activities using diffusion agar method. The results showed levels of tannins in leaves of guava with ethanol 30 %, the which is 2.351 mg /g, ethanol 50 % is 1.728 mg g, ethanol 70 % is 1.835 mg / g. The best solvent to extract the highest levels of tannins with ethanol 30 % by value of tannin levels 2.351mg /g. Tannin inhibitory activity on five different pathogens microbial. This is because the composition of the cell wall of the microbe fifth different. The results showed that the tannins extracts can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aureginosa, Staphilococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Tannins are polyphenolic compounds that are very complex. The effectiveness of antibacterial compounds found in plant tannins eg guava leaves is influenced by the concentration of tannins. The higher levels of tannin antibacterial activity will increase. Preliminary studies to study the antibacterial activity of guava leaf has been implemented Faharani (2008 )(5), where the results showed that the water extract of guava leaves have antibacterial activity against E. coli at a concentration of 40 %, whereas in S. aereus extract showed no inhibitory activity, and the active compound is believed to have antibacterial activity of flavonoids, tannins and saponins. In guava leaves contain tannin by 9 %, which can be used as an antibacterial. Tannins can be used as an antibacterial because it has a phenol group, so that the tannins have properties like alcohol is an antiseptic that can be used as an antimicrobial component. Therefore this study is to assess the antimicrobial activity of tannin extracts from guava leaves against several pathogens microbial.