Characterization of Micro‐ and Nanoscale LuPO₄:Pr³⁺,Nd³⁺ with Strong UV‐C Emission to Reduce X‐Ray Doses in Radiation Therapy

Abstract

Abstract UV‐C emitting nanoscale scintillators can be used to sensitize cancer cells selectively against X‐rays during radiation therapy, due to the lethal DNA lesions caused by UV‐C photons. Unfortunately, nanoscale particles (NPs) show decreased UV‐C emission intensity. In this paper, the influence of different Nd 3+ concentrations on the UV‐C emission of micro‐ and nanoscale LuPO 4 :Pr 3+ is investigated upon X‐ray irradiation and vacuum UV excitation (160 nm). Co‐doped LuPO 4 results in increased UV‐C emission independent of excitation source due to energy transfer from Nd 3+ to Pr 3+ . The highest UV‐C emission intensity is observed for LuPO 4 :Pr 3+ ,Nd 3+ (1%,2.5%) upon X‐ray irradiation. Finally, LuPO 4 NPs co‐doped with different dopant concentrations are synthesized, and the biological efficacy of the combined approach (X‐rays and UV‐C) is assessed using the colony formation assay. Cell culture experiments confirm increased cell death compared to X‐rays alone due to the formation of UV‐specific DNA damages, supporting the feasibility of this approach.