Radiation materials science is the interdisciplinary field concerned with understanding and controlling the effects of radiation on the structure, properties, and performance of materials. It investigates the fundamental mechanisms by which energetic particles and electromagnetic radiation interact with matter, leading to atomic displacements, microstructural evolution, and macroscopic property changes. This field is crucial for the development and qualification of materials for applications in environments subject to high radiation fluxes, such as nuclear reactors, fusion energy systems, and space vehicles.