Phytochemical Analysis, Mineral Composition and in vitro Antioxidant Activities of Chromolaena odorata Leaves

Abstract

Objective: Chromolaena odorata is used in traditional medicine in Nigeria to remedy malaria, abdominal and cervical pain and as local antiseptic agent for wound. This study was carried out to identify bioactive agents and minerals as well as in vitro antioxidant activities of Chromolaena odorata leaves. Methods: Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard procedure; mineral analysis was carried out using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer while reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins etc. Mineral analysis showed the richness of Chromolaena odorata leaves in calcium (487.40mg/100g), sodium (44.22mg/100g), potassium (96.91mg/100g), magnesium (116.70mg/100g), zinc (3.77mg/100g), iron (67.71mg/100g), phosphate (143.15mg/100g) etc. The results on reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity indicates that at higher concentration, the plants ability to scavenge DPPH radical and reducing power ability increases. Conclusion: Chromolaena odorata leaves have potential for development of therapeutically active compounds which could serve as precursors for the design of potent and safe drugs.