Uplink Performance Analysis in D2D-Enabled Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks With Clustered Users

Abstract

In this paper, an analytical framework is provided to analyze the uplink performance of device-to-device (D2D)-enabled millimeter-wave (mm-wave) cellular networks with clustered D2D user equipments (UEs). The locations of cellular UEs are modeled as a Poisson point process, while the locations of potential D2D UEs are modeled as a Poisson cluster process. Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio outage probabilities are derived for both cellular and D2D links using tools from stochastic geometry. The distinguishing features of mm-wave communications such as directional beamforming and having different path loss laws for the line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight links are incorporated into the outage analysis by employing a flexible mode selection scheme and Nakagami fading. Also, the effect of beamforming alignment errors on the outage probability is investigated to get insight into the performance in practical scenarios. Moreover, area spectral efficiency of the cellular and D2D networks is determined for both underlay and overlay types of sharing. Optimal spectrum partition factor is determined for overlay sharing by considering the optimal weighted proportional fair spectrum partition.