IEEE Access · 2013 · 7.4K citations · 24 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringAntennasPropagationWireless CommunicationsAntenna MeasurementMicrowave MeasurementsMicrowave PropagationMillimeter-wave CommunicationsMobile CommunicationWireless Networks5G Mobile Networks5G NetworksBandwidthCellular Communication NetworksCellular NetworksIndoor Millimeter-wave CommunicationsMillimeter-wave PropagationPropagation Characterization
The global bandwidth shortage facing wireless carriers has motivated the exploration of the underutilized millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks. There is, however, little knowledge about cellular mm-wave propagation in densely populated indoor and outdoor environments. Obtaining this information is vital for the design and operation of future fifth generation cellular networks that use the mm-wave spectrum. In this paper, we present the motivation for new mm-wave cellular systems, methodology, and hardware for measurements and offer a variety of measurement results that show 28 and 38 GHz frequencies can be used when employing steerable directional antennas at base stations and mobile devices.
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Scaling up MIMO: Opportunities and challenges with very large arrays
2013 · 4.3K citations
Theodore S. Rappaport, Félix Gutiérrez, Eshar Ben-Dor et al. · IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · 2013 · 857 citations