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Microstructure characterization and mechanism of acoustoplastic effect in friction stir welding assisted by ultrasonic vibrations on the bottom surface of workpieces

Materials ScienceFriction WeldingEngineeringMicrostructure CharacterizationMicrofabricationBottom SurfaceWelding ProcessMechanical EngineeringUltrasonic VibrationsWeld Pool SolidificationUltrasoundTribological PropertyFriction ControlMicrostructure