Applied Physics Express · 2019 · 44 citations · 22 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMaterials ScienceOptoelectronicsPhotonicsSemiconductor DevicesHigh-frequency Semiconductor DevicesLaser PhysicsSemiconductor Device MaterialsSemiconductor LasersWide-bandgap Semiconductor DevicesWide-bandgap SemiconductorsCurved MirrorsIon Implantation EffectsLaser ThresholdLateral ConfinementMiniaturizationOptical ConfinementOptical Confinement StructuresVertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasers
The continuous wave operation of a gallium-nitride-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (GaN-based VCSEL) that uses boron ion implantation for lateral current confinement and a curved mirror for lateral optical confinement was investigated. The threshold current was 0.25 mA (Jth = 3.5 kA cm−2) for a 3 μm diameter current aperture at room temperature and the lasing wavelength was 445.3 nm. This is the lowest threshold current recorded for a GaN-based VCSEL. This result is considered to be a milestone for the further miniaturization of GaN-based VCSELs by the implementation of lateral optical confinement due to the incorporation of a curved mirror.
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