A comparative anticancer study on procyanidin C1 against receptor positive and receptor negative breast cancer

Abstract

<i>Albezia odoratissima</i> has many health benefits. The present study investigated the isolation, characterization and anticancer activity of procyanidin C1 from <i>A. odoratissima</i> bark. Procyanidin C1 was isolated and characterized by IR, ¹³C NMR, ¹H NMR and LC-MS spectroscopic studies. Anticancer property of procyanidin C1 was explored by studying the expression of checkpoint kinases, Bcl-2 and BAX, cell cycle, DNA damage and caspase 3 and 9 levels. Procyanidin C1 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against TNBC (MDA-MB- 231), hormone positive (MCF-7) cell lines. Its IC₅₀ value is comparable to tamoxifen towards MDA-MB- 231 cell line, but considerably higher towards MCF-7 cell line. Procyanidin C1 induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and enhanced the expression of checkpoint kinases. Procyanidin C1 decreased the level of Bcl-2 but increased the BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells. This study indicates the antiproliferative property of procyanidin C1 against breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis.