First Report of <i>Neofusicoccum parvum</i> Associated with Shoot Blight on Peaches in China

Abstract

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 103, No. 6First Report of Neofusicoccum parvum Associated with Shoot Blight on Peaches in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Neofusicoccum parvum Associated with Shoot Blight on Peaches in ChinaZ. X. Song, J. Liao, H. Luo, F. Zhang, Z. X. Sun, Q. K. Liu, and J. X. DengZ. X. SongDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; , J. LiaoDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; , H. LuoDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; , F. ZhangAgricultural Bureau of Yidu, Yidu 443000, China; and , Z. X. Sunhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-5384Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; , Q. K. LiuGeneral Station of Plant Protection of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China, and J. X. Deng†Corresponding author: J. X. Deng; E-mail Address: [email protected]http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7304-5603Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Z. X. Song1 J. Liao1 H. Luo1 F. Zhang2 Z. X. Sun1 Q. K. Liu3 J. X. Deng1 † 1Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; 2Agricultural Bureau of Yidu, Yidu 443000, China; and 3General Station of Plant Protection of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China Published Online:19 Mar 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-18-2148-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Peach (Amygdalus persica L.) is an economically important fruit tree in China with a delicious fruit taste and an affordable price. In May of 2018, shoot blight was observed on the peach cultivar 'Basan' in an orchard of Quanxinfan village, Yidu city, Hubei province, China. Approximately 30% of trees in a 2.3-ha block showed similar symptoms, which resulted in 10 to 20% yield loss. Initially, brown necrotic spots emerged on shoots and then enlarged and turned dark with black pycnidia. Meanwhile, fruit near the spots stopped growing and gradually showed a dry rot. The leaves on blighted shoots were obviously rolled up. Small pieces of necrotic tissues cut from diseased branches were surface sterilized in 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 min and rinsed three times with sterile distilled water. Some of the sterile samples were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates incubated at 25°C in the dark. The remaining ones were glued on the cover (inside) of a PDA plate to collect spores of causal pathogens. A fast-growing fungal colony with abundant aerial mycelia was isolated from both methods. Colonies were initially white and then turned olive-gray after 7 days. Strains (YZU 181091 and YZU 181134) were selected from two methods, respectively. They were grown on water agar embedded with sterilized peach twig tissues under a light period (near ultraviolet/dark: 12 h/12 h) at room temperature. After 14 days, pycnidia were observed on the lesions with conidia being hyaline, fusiform to ellipsoidal, thin-walled, externally smooth, 14.1 to 21.9 μm (average 17.6 μm) × 4.7 to 7.5 μm (average 6.4 μm) in size. Morphologically, the fungus was identical to Neofusicoccum parvum (Phillips et al. 2013). For further confirmation, the regions of the internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA (ITS), partial β-tubulin (TUB2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) were amplified using the primer pairs ITS4/ITS5, Bt2a/Bt2b, and EF-AF/EF-BR, respectively. Sequences of the two isolates (YZU 181091 and YZU 181134) were deposited in the GenBank database with accession numbers MH800291/MK184987 (ITS), MH800292/MK184989 (TUB2), and MH800293/MK184988 (EF1-α). They were 100% identical to N. parvum, two strains (CMW 39317/CMW 39325) with GenBank accession numbers as follows: KF575020 /KF575021 (ITS), KF575116/KF575117 (TUB2), and KF575044/KF575045 (EF1-α) (Zlatković et al. 2016). A neighbor-joining tree was constructed based on the three concatenated genes using Mega 7.0 and 1,000 bootstrap replicates. The two strains fell into a subclade of N. parvum with 99% bootstrap support. To determine the pathogenicity, detached healthy twigs and fruit of the peach cultivar Basan were surface sterilized as described above. Mycelial plugs (diameter 3 mm) were inoculated to wounded tissues (diameter 4 mm), which were placed in moistened and clean plastic boxes kept in an incubator (25°C). Control samples were inoculated with pure PDA plugs. After 4 days, lesions on twigs reached 30 mm (n = 6) on average and half of each fruit was rotten (n = 3), whereas controls remained healthy. The same pathogen was reisolated from inoculated tissues and identified based on morphology. N. parvum (Botryosphaeriaceae) has a wide host range, such as causing wood diseases on stone and pome fruit trees (Sessa et al. 2016). It has been reported to cause shoot blight and fruit rot on peach trees in Greece (Thomidis et al. 2011). The fungus induced fruit rot on detached fruit, but it was not isolated from the dry rot fruit collected in orchards previously. It may not be a dominant pathogen causing fruit rot on blighted shoot. Further studies are needed to better understand its pathogenicity on fruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. parvum associated with shoot blight on peach in China.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Phillips, A. J. L., et al. 2013. Stud. Mycol. 76:51. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0021 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarSessa, L., et al. 2016. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 146:519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0936-4 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThomidis, T., et al. 2011. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 131:661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9840-0 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarZlatković, M., et al. 2016. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 109:543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-016-0659-8 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Funding: Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31400014).DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 103, No. 6 June 2019SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionGreen mottle mosaic and leaf deformation symptoms on watermelon (Sui, Li, Shamimuzzaman, Wu, and Ling). Photo credit: K.-S. Ling. Postharvest rot on cucumber caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata (Li, Xu, Zhang, Song, Xie, Sun, and Huang). Photo credit: H. Song. Metrics Article History Issue Date: 6 Jun 2019Published: 19 Mar 2019First Look: 15 Jan 2019Accepted: 11 Jan 2019 Pages: 1429-1429 Information© 2019 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaGrant/Award Number: 31400014The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited byIdentification and characterization of a stem canker and twig dieback disease of pear caused by Neofusicoccum parvum in Chinese mainland15 March 2022 | Phytopathology Research, Vol. 4, No. 1Botryosphaeria parvaCABI Compendium, Vol. CABI CompendiumInsights of the Neofusicoccum parvum–Liquidambar styraciflua Interaction and Identification of New Cysteine-Rich Proteins in Both Species30 November 2021 | Journal of Fungi, Vol. 7, No. 12Bioprospecting for secondary metabolites of family Botryosphaeriaceae from a biotechnological perspectiveFirst Report of Stem Canker and Dieback Caused by Neofusicoccum parvum on Plum in Guangxi, Southern ChinaQili Li, Lihua Tang, Wenxiu Sun, Suiping Huang, Tangxun Guo, Jianyou Mo, Minzhong Fan, Zongbin Zhang, and Tom Hsiang13 September 2019 | Plant Disease, Vol. 103, No. 11