Angewandte Chemie International Edition · 2018 · 60 citations · 48 references
EngineeringMaterials EngineeringMaterials ScienceElectrochemical EngineeringNanomaterialsNanotechnologyBattery MaterialsElectrochemical Energy StorageEnergy Storage MaterialsNanoenergy MaterialsNanomaterials For Energy StorageSilicon MaterialsCoulombic EfficiencyCycling StabilityNanorodsNanostructured SiliconNanostructuringSiliconSpecific CapacityStorage
Abstract Application of nanostructured silicon (nSi) is significantly retarded by challenges in the production of affordable nSi. We herein report a high‐yield (ca. 100 %) and low‐energy (2 kWh Kg‐nSi −1 ) nanostructuring of industrial microsized silicon (mSi) through a closed‐loop electrochemical Mg alloying/dealloying in molten MgCl 2 /NaCl/KCl at 773 K. The resulting nSi unexpectedly shows a salt‐unwetted character, allowing an automatic separation from the melts. Thus water washing and accompanying oxidation of the nSi can be avoided. The final product has a nanoporous structure and comprises Si nanorods (ca. 30 nm in diameter) with an ultrathin oxide coating. It can be used for Li storage giving a combination of high initial coulombic efficiency, high specific capacity, and long cycling stability. This nanostructuring process consumes very few chemicals except for the mSi and produces almost zero waste.
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Silicon nanowires as efficient thermoelectric materials
Akram Boukai, Yuri L. Bunimovich, Jamil Tahir‐Kheli et al. · Nature · 2008 · 2.7K citations