Nanostructuring is a methodological approach centered on the controlled fabrication and manipulation of materials and devices possessing structural features within the nanoscale regime (typically 1-100 nm, or up to a few hundred nanometers). This interdisciplinary field investigates the novel physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties that emerge at this scale, distinct from bulk material properties. Its significance lies in enabling the design and engineering of materials and systems with tailored functionalities for diverse scientific and technological applications across physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.