Host and microbial factors in kidney transplant recipients with <i>Escherichia coli</i> acute pyelonephritis or asymptomatic bacteriuria: a prospective study using whole-genome sequencing

Abstract

Our findings suggest that bacterial adherence plays a role in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis in KTRs despite significantly altered host urinary tract anatomy and weakened immunity. Whether KTRs might benefit from targeted therapies (e.g. vaccination or inhibitors of fimbrial adhesion) has yet to be studied.