An unsupervised machine learning method for discovering patient clusters based on genetic signatures

Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm

A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, Donald B. Rubin · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · 1977 · 49.2K citations

Statistical Signal Processing, Mixture Distribution, Engineering +13

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44K citations

Numerical Analysis, Large-scale Global Optimization, Computational Science +15

Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology

Michael Ashburner, Catherine A. Ball, Judith A. Blake et al. · Nature Genetics · 2000 · 43.3K citations · Full text

Functional Genomics, Engineering, Bioinformatics Database +11

PLINK: A Tool Set for Whole-Genome Association and Population-Based Linkage Analyses

Shaun Purcell, Benjamin M. Neale, Katherine EO Todd-Brown et al. · The American Journal of Human Genetics · 2007 · 34.9K citations · Full text

Genome-wide Association Study, Whole-genome Association, Linkage Disequilibrium +12

Silhouettes: A graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis

Peter J. Rousseeuw · Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics · 1987 · 19.8K citations

Cluster Computing, Cluster Development, Document Clustering +11