Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Characterization of Different Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanopowders: <i>in-vitro</i> SBF Activity and Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) nanopowders from SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system have been prepared by three different variations using different structure directing agents: (1) through wet chemical method (MBWC650) using non-ionic surfactant, PEG; (2) using Pluronic P123, another non-ionic surfactant via hydrothermal process (MBHM650); and (3) using ionic surfactant CTAB, via wet chemical process (MBCTAB650). Comparative study of phase, morphology and textural properties of all M BG nanopowders were accomplished by different characterization techniques. Specific surface area of powders was found to be 52.2, 169.3 and 473.2 m2.g–1 for MBWC650, MBHM650 and MBCTAB650, respectively. Kinetic SBF immersion study was carried out to examine hydroxyapatite forming ability of the powders. Supernatant analyses showed high dissolution of Ca2+ and PO43– ions in MBCTAB650 while MBHM650 showed initial level of HAp formation ability over its surface in contrast with MBWC650. Other characterizations confirmed formation of Ca-P over MBG nanopowders. Cell viability of 117% for MBWC650, 90% for MBHM650 and 89% for MBCTAB650 after seven days were noted. MBHM650 and MBWC650 could be suitable candidate as dental/orthopedic bone filler material whereas high surface area of MBCTAB650 powder can be useful for delivering pharmaceutical agents in-vitro / in-vivo.