Geometric mode decomposition

Abstract

We propose a new decomposition algorithm for seismic data based on a band-limited a priori knowledge on the Fourier or Radon spectrum. This decomposition is called geometric mode decomposition (GMD), as it decomposes a 2D signal into components consisting of linear or parabolic features. Rather than using a predefined frame, GMD adaptively obtains the geometric parameters in the data, such as the dominant slope or curvature. GMD is solved by alternatively pursuing the geometric parameters and the corresponding modes in the Fourier or Radon domain. The geometric parameters are obtained from the weighted center of the corresponding mode's energy spectrum. The mode is obtained by applying a Wiener filter, the design of which is based on a certain band-limited property. We apply GMD to seismic events splitting, noise attenuation, interpolation, and demultiple. The results show that our method is a promising adaptive tool for seismic signal processing, in comparisons with the Fourier and curvelet transforms, empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD) methods.