Mechano-responsive room temperature luminescence variations of boron conjugated pyrene in air

Abstract

Stimuli responsive tunable luminescence is a promising field of research. Even though mechanofluorescence is widely studied, mechanophosphorescence remains unexplored. Here we report the mechano-driven fluorescence and phosphorescence variations of a pyrene tetraboronic ester derivative. The fluorochromic and room temperature phosphorescence features are supported by theoretical studies and single crystal analysis. The mechanically ground fluorescence active but phosphorescence inactive pyrene tetraboronic ester exhibits room temperature phosphorescence in air with mechanical force. The efficient intermolecular electronic coupling in the dimer formed upon scratching enables a good communication between singlet and triplet states, hence resulting in room temperature mechanophosphorescence.