A Distributed Control Method Based on a Voltage Sensitivity Matrix in DC Microgrids With Low-Speed Communication

Abstract

A distributed control method is proposed to improve the power sharing performance of bidirectional distributed generators (BDGs) and the voltage regulation performance of a dc bus in a dc microgrid (MG). To analyze the structural characteristics of a dc MG, voltage sensitivity analysis based on power flow analysis is presented. Based on this, a distributed control method using a voltage sensitivity matrix is proposed. The proposed method uses information received through the communication line and performs the droop gain variation method and voltage shifting method without additional controllers. This approach achieves improved power sharing and voltage regulation performance without output transient states, even at slow communication speed. The proposed method is implemented through an experimental environment consisting of two BDGs, a load, and a non-dispatchable distributed generator in a four-bus ring type model. The experimental results demonstrate improved power sharing accuracy and voltage regulation performance.