Fluorination increases the electron mobility of zinc azadipyrromethene-based electron acceptors and enhances the performance of fullerene-free organic solar cells

Abstract

Strategic fluorination of non-planar electron acceptors reduces bimolecular recombination in OPVs and significantly enhances the electron mobility to ∼10⁻³ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ in diodes.