Scale-Up Fabrication of Biodegradable Poly(butylene adipate-<i>co</i>-terephthalate)/Organophilic–Clay Nanocomposite Films for Potential Packaging Applications

Abstract

The development of biodegradable packing materials is a global priority due to the huge volumes of plastic refuse entering landfills and the environment. In this study, a series of biodegradable nanocomposite films based on poly(butylene adipate-<i>co</i>-terephthalate) (PBAT) and reinforced with an organophilic layered double hydroxide (OLDH) were scale-up fabricated. The OLDH nanosheets with a basal spacing of 4.07 nm were presynthesized on a large-scale by solvent-free high-energy ball milling. All of the PBAT/OLDH nanocomposite films (0.5-4 wt % OLDH) showed a uniform dispersion of OLDH nanosheets in the PBAT matrix. A PBAT/OLDH film containing 1 wt % OLDH (denoted herein as OLDH-1) demonstrated outstanding thermal, optical, mechanical, and water vapor barrier properties compared with a pure PBAT film (OLDH-0), including a 37% reduction in haze and a 41.9% increase in nominal tensile strain at break dramatically. Furthermore, the food packaging measurement revealed that the OLDH-1 film showed a better packaging effect than the pure PBAT film and commercial polyethylene packing materials. The feasibility of scale-up manufacture and the excellent processability, manufacturing scalability, mechanical performance, optical transparency, water vapor barrier properties, and food packaging performance of the PBAT/OLDH nanocomposite films encourage their future application as biodegradable packaging films.