Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · 2017 · 15 citations · 32 references
Natural SciencesChemical EngineeringChemistryBiochemical EngineeringBioprocess EngineeringCatalysisBiofuel ProductionCatalyst CharacterizationCatalytic MaterialsCatalytic MechanismsCatalytic Reaction EngineeringIndustrial CatalysisHydrothermal LiquefactionHydrothermal ProcessingHydrothermal StabilityHydroxyl Group ReplacementMesoporous MaterialsSilylation ReactionsSpecific Surface AreaSurface Area
This paper mainly describes the application of silylated SBA-15 with high hydrothermal stability in catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Dunaliella (D.) tertiolecta to produce bio-oil. The results indicated that selection of silylation reagent species contributes to improve hydrothermal stability of SBA-15 at 613 K through substituting hydroxyl group on SBA-15 surface. The grafting of silane on SBA-15 had an impact on pore size, wall thickness, specific surface area, pore volume, and other structure characteristics, while not influencing the ordered mesoporous pore structure. When silylated SBA-15 was used as catalyst, D. tertiolecta conversion and bio-oil yield decreased slightly due to adsorption of furan and other compounds on mesoporous structure of SBA-15. Silylated SBA-15 inhibited ammonolysis, Maillard, and other reactions, resulting in decreased acid, ester, amide, and N-containing heterocyclic content in bio-oil. Meanwhile, the content of aldehydes and ketones increases, among which furfural derivatives were the main substances (>70%). Highly selective HTL is realized over silylated SBA-15 with high hydrothermal stability.
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Hydrothermal processing of microalgae using alkali and organic acids
Andrew B. Ross, Patrick Biller, M.L. Kubacki et al. · Fuel · 2010 · 614 citations