Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects · 2017 · 19 citations · 8 references
Natural SciencesChemical EngineeringChemistryCatalysisEnergy MaterialsReaction EngineeringCatalyst CharacterizationCatalyst DesignCatalyst SynthesisCatalytic MaterialsCatalytic Reaction EngineeringIndustrial Catalytic ProcessesBiodieselBiodiesel ProductionCatalyst DevelopmentEnergy Dispersive X-ray SpectroscopyEnergy-dispersive X-ray SpectroscopyUltrasonicationWaste Cooking OilX-ray Diffraction Analysis
Energy importers globally are gradually increasing. The maximum demand is for energy sources, especially for crude products. Biodiesel is eco-friendly and it is derived from vegetable oil, animal fat, waste cooking oil, and nonedible oil. In this study, waste cooking oil was used to make biodiesel with the help of a heterogeneous catalyst. Titanium dioxide doped with magnesium molybdate was used as a heterogeneous catalyst to make biodiesel by the alcohol mixture using the ultrasonication technique at 610°C for 4 h. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analysis.
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A.E. Atabani, A.S. Silitonga, Hwai Chyuan Ong et al. · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · 2012 · 1.2K citations