Zero-determinant strategy for the algorithm optimize of blockchain PoW consensus

Abstract

The Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm guarantees the safety and dependability of Blockchain systems. Miners can achieve a consensus through the PoW algorithm during the mining process, that is mutual attacking. However, when the miners attack each other, all miners earn less. In this paper, we established a model that mining between two miners is an iterative game, and proposed a subclass of ZD strategy (a pining strategy) to alleviate miners' dilemma, a miner can control another miner's payoff and increase the social revenue through a pinning strategy. Numerical simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. In summary, this work leads to the better understanding and analysis of the PoW algorithm via the game theory, rendering it possible to design a more rational consensus algorithm in the future.