Interaction between diet composition and gut microbiota and its impact on gastrointestinal tract health

TLDR

Emerging research shows that gut microbiota profoundly influences human health, affecting intestinal homeostasis, immune regulation, and metabolic pathways, and that diet composition can modulate these microbial communities, thereby impacting disease prevention and management. The study aims to elucidate the mechanisms linking diet composition, gut microbiota, and disease. The authors performed a comprehensive analysis of prior studies to demonstrate that diet can modulate gut microbiota composition. The analysis revealed that diet can modulate gut microbiota and its composition can be influenced by various diet components.

Abstract

A substantial amount of emerging research is indicating that the gut microbiota has a significant impact on human health. Alterations of gut microbiota have clear consequences on intestinal homeostasis, physiology, gut microbiome, immune system and host metabolic pathways. Diet composition plays an important role in the control of gut microbial populations and, thus, in the prevention, management and treatment of certain diseases such as cancer, diabetes. A comprehensive analysis of previously reported results revealed that the gut microbiota can be modulated by diet and the composition of gut microbiota can be influenced by various diet components. The symbiotic relationship between different gut microbial communities regulates the immune system and, therefore, any dysbiosis can dysregulate the immune system. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms involved in the interactions between diet composition, gut microbiota and associated diseases.