Core@shell Fe₃O₄@Mn²⁺-doped NaYF₄:Yb/Tm nanoparticles for triple-modality T₁/T₂-weighted MRI and NIR-to-NIR upconversion luminescence imaging agents

Abstract

Core@shell structures of Fe₃O₄@Mn²⁺-doped NaYF₄:Yb/Tm nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and then used for <italic>in vivo</italic> NIR to NIR (980 nm to 800 nm) imaging, and as dual-mode <italic>T</italic>₁/<italic>T</italic>₂-weighted MRI because of the co-existence of Fe₃O₄ and Mn²⁺ in the NPs.