Electronic structure of FeS

Abstract

Here we report the electronic structure of FeS, a recently identified iron-based superconductor. Our high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies show two holelike ($\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and $\ensuremath{\beta}$) and two electronlike ($\ensuremath{\eta}$ and $\ensuremath{\delta}$) Fermi pockets around the Brillouin zone center and corner, respectively, all of which exhibit moderate dispersion along ${k}_{z}$. However, a third holelike band ($\ensuremath{\gamma}$) is not observed, which is expected around the zone center from band calculations and is common in iron-based superconductors. Since this band has the highest renormalization factor and is known to be the most vulnerable to defects, its absence in our data is likely due to defect scattering---and yet superconductivity can exist without coherent quasiparticles in the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ band. This may help resolve the current controversy on the superconducting gap structure of FeS. Moreover, by comparing the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ bandwidths of various iron chalcogenides, including FeS, ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}$, FeSe, and ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{x}$, we find that the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ bandwidth of FeS is the broadest. However, the band renormalization factor of FeS is still quite large, when compared with the band calculations, which indicates sizable electron correlations. This explains why the unconventional superconductivity can persist over such a broad range of isovalent substitution in ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{x}$ and ${\mathrm{FeSe}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}$.