Brightly Luminescent and Color-Tunable Formamidinium Lead Halide Perovskite FAPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) Colloidal Nanocrystals

Abstract

In the past few years, hybrid organic–inorganic and all-inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals have become one of the most interesting materials for optoelectronic applications. Here, we report a facile and rapid room temperature synthesis of 15–25 nm formamidinium CH(NH 2 ) 2 PbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, I, or mixed Cl/Br and Br/I) colloidal nanocrystals by ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP). The cubic and platelet-like nanocrystals with their emission in the range of 415–740 nm, full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 20–44 nm, and radiative lifetimes of 5–166 ns enable band gap tuning by halide composition as well as by their thickness tailoring; they have a high photoluminescence quantum yield (up to 85%), colloidal and thermodynamic stability. Combined with surface modification that prevents degradation by water, this nanocrystalline material is an ideal candidate for optoelectronic devices and applications. In addition, optoelectronic measurements verify that the photodetector based on FAPbI 3 nanocrystals paves the way for perovskite quantum dot photovoltaics.