Suppressed superconductivity in substrate-supported <i>β</i> ₁₂ borophene by tensile strain and electron doping

Abstract

Planar borophene, the truly 2D monolayer boron, has been independently successfully grown on Ag(1 1 1) by two groups (2016 Nat. Chem. 8 563 and 2015 Science 350 1513), which has received widespreading attentions. The superconducting property has not been unambiguously observed, which is unexpected because light element boron should have strong electron–phonon coupling. To resolve this puzzle, we show that the superconducting transition temperature Tc of β12 borophene is effectively suppressed by the substrate-induced tensile strain and electron doping via first principles calculations. The biaxial tensile strain of 2% induced by Ag(1 1 1) significantly reduces Tc from 14 K to 2.95 K; electron doping of 0.1 e− per boron atom further shrinks Tc to 0.09 K. We also predict that the superconducting transition temperature in β12 can be enhanced to 22.82 K with proper compressive strain (−1%) and 18.97 K with hole doping (0.1 h+ per boron). Further studies indicate that the variation of Tc is closely related to the density of states of σ bands near the Fermi surface. Our results help to explain the challenges to experimentally probe superconductivity in substrate-supported borophene.